What is an encumbrance in relation to property?

An encumbrance refers to a claim or a restriction on the property that limits the rights of the property owner. In the context of real estate, it signifies that someone else has a vested interest or legal right regarding the property, which can affect the owner's ability to use or transfer the property freely.

In this scenario, the phrase "limits fee simple estate" accurately captures the essence of an encumbrance. A fee simple estate represents the highest form of property ownership, giving the owner complete control over the property. However, when an encumbrance is present, it imposes certain limitations on that ownership—such as easements, liens, or restrictions imposed by zoning laws or other regulations.

The other options, while relevant in the realm of real estate, do not define encumbrances. Full ownership rights represent a complete and unobstructed ownership claim, a lease agreement pertains to the rental arrangement between a landlord and tenant, and a mortgage obligation, though it can be classified as an encumbrance because it represents a financial claim against the property, doesn’t capture the broader range of encumbrances that can exist beyond just mortgages. Therefore, the definition of an encumbrance as it relates to property is best described by its ability to