What term refers to the ownership of real property that is independent of any superior landlord?

The term that refers to the ownership of real property that is independent of any superior landlord is the Allodial System. In an allodial system, property ownership is absolute and does not depend on the land ownership by a sovereign or feudal lord. Under this system, individuals have complete control over their land, allowing them to manage, use, or transfer it without outside interference or obligations to a higher authority.

This concept stands in contrast to other forms of ownership, such as leasehold properties or estates that involve certain conditions or limitations, which may require payment of rent or adherence to specific usage rules imposed by a superior landlord. The clarity of the allodial title fosters a sense of independence and security for property owners, making it a fundamental principle in the understanding of land ownership in Texas and many other jurisdictions.